Divergent pheromone-mediated insect behaviour under global atmospheric change

Atmospheric methane and global change

Methane (CH4) is the most abundant organic trace gas in the atmosphere. In the distant past, variations in natural sources of methane were responsible for trends in atmospheric methane levels recorded in ice cores. Since the 1700s, rapidly growing human activities, particularly in the areas of agriculture, fossil fuel use, and waste disposal, have more than doubled methane emissions. Atmospheri...

Global atmospheric change and human health.

Toxic nitric oxide (NO) levels can regulate gene expression. Using a novel protein/DNA array, we show that toxic NO levels regulate the binding of trans-factors to various cis-elements in neuroblastoma cells, including CRE and those recognized by the transcription factors AP1, AP2, Brn-3a, EGR, E2F1 and SP1. Functionality of some of the ciselements was confirmed by electro mobility shift and re...

Ozone, Climate, and Global Atmospheric Change

Decreasing, not increasing, leaf area will raise crop yields under global atmospheric change

Without new innovations, present rates of increase in yields of food crops globally are inadequate to meet the projected rising food demand for 2050 and beyond. A prevailing response of crops to rising [CO2 ] is an increase in leaf area. This is especially marked in soybean, the world's fourth largest food crop in terms of seed production, and the most important vegetable protein source. Is thi...

Divergent surface and total soil moisture projections under global warming

Land aridity has been projected to increase with global warming. Such projections are mostly based on off-line aridity and drought metrics applied to climate model outputs but also are supported by climate-model projections of decreased surface soil moisture. Here we comprehensively analyze soil moisture projections from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5, including surface, tota...